Estimated Population (as of April 27, 2024): 1,439,375,199
Population Density (2024): 481 people per square kilometer.
The population of India has been steadily increasing over the years, reaching approximately 1.44 billion people as of 2024. The growth rate has gradually declined but remains significant at around 0.9%. This growth contributes to the country’s high population density, which is about 485 people per square kilometer.
Despite efforts to curb population growth, India continues to face demographic challenges such as providing adequate resources and infrastructure for its growing population. However, the country also benefits from a young demographic profile, with a median age of around 29 years, offering potential economic development and innovation opportunities.
| Year | Total | Male | Female | People | Density (p/km²) | Growth Rate |
| 1950 | 357,021,100 | 183,437,093 | 173,584,006 | 7,833,647 | 120.0801 | 2.19% |
| 1951 | 364,922,360 | 187,619,254 | 177,303,106 | 7,968,873 | 122.7377 | 2.18% |
| 1952 | 372,997,188 | 191,887,475 | 181,109,714 | 8,180,784 | 125.4535 | 2.19% |
| 1953 | 381,227,705 | 196,230,287 | 184,997,418 | 8,280,250 | 128.2218 | 2.17% |
| 1954 | 389,731,406 | 200,706,078 | 189,025,328 | 8,727,152 | 131.0819 | 2.24% |
| 1955 | 398,577,992 | 205,350,073 | 193,227,919 | 8,966,021 | 134.0574 | 2.25% |
| 1956 | 407,656,597 | 210,107,732 | 197,548,865 | 9,191,188 | 137.1108 | 2.26% |
| 1957 | 416,935,400 | 214,965,294 | 201,970,106 | 9,366,417 | 140.2317 | 2.25% |
| 1958 | 426,295,763 | 219,863,705 | 206,432,058 | 9,354,309 | 143.3799 | 2.19% |
| 1959 | 435,900,352 | 224,885,438 | 211,014,915 | 9,854,871 | 146.6103 | 2.26% |
| 1960 | 445,954,578 | 230,135,579 | 215,819,000 | 10,253,581 | 149.992 | 2.30% |
| 1961 | 456,351,876 | 235,560,577 | 220,791,299 | 10,541,014 | 153.489 | 2.31% |
| 1962 | 467,024,193 | 241,125,862 | 225,898,332 | 10,803,621 | 157.0785 | 2.31% |
| 1963 | 477,933,619 | 246,813,291 | 231,120,328 | 11,015,231 | 160.7478 | 2.31% |
| 1964 | 489,059,309 | 252,612,930 | 236,446,379 | 11,236,148 | 164.4898 | 2.30% |
| 1965 | 500,114,346 | 258,373,487 | 241,740,858 | 10,873,926 | 168.208 | 2.17% |
| 1966 | 510,992,617 | 264,041,608 | 246,951,009 | 10,882,616 | 171.8668 | 2.13% |
| 1967 | 521,987,069 | 269,770,979 | 252,216,091 | 11,106,289 | 175.5647 | 2.13% |
| 1968 | 533,431,908 | 275,736,482 | 257,695,426 | 11,783,389 | 179.414 | 2.21% |
| 1969 | 545,314,670 | 281,934,206 | 263,380,463 | 11,982,134 | 183.4106 | 2.20% |
| 1970 | 557,501,301 | 288,292,404 | 269,208,897 | 12,391,129 | 187.5095 | 2.22% |
| 1971 | 569,999,178 | 294,818,942 | 275,180,236 | 12,604,624 | 191.713 | 2.21% |
| 1972 | 582,837,973 | 301,529,376 | 281,308,597 | 13,072,965 | 196.0312 | 2.24% |
| 1973 | 596,107,483 | 308,465,459 | 287,642,024 | 13,466,055 | 200.4942 | 2.26% |
| 1974 | 609,721,951 | 315,584,062 | 294,137,889 | 13,762,883 | 205.0733 | 2.26% |
| 1975 | 623,524,219 | 322,800,952 | 300,723,268 | 13,841,652 | 209.7156 | 2.22% |
| 1976 | 637,451,448 | 330,077,580 | 307,373,867 | 14,012,805 | 214.3998 | 2.20% |
| 1977 | 651,685,628 | 337,496,325 | 314,189,303 | 14,455,556 | 219.1873 | 2.22% |
| 1978 | 666,267,760 | 345,069,608 | 321,198,151 | 14,708,707 | 224.0919 | 2.21% |
| 1979 | 681,248,383 | 352,826,329 | 328,422,054 | 15,252,540 | 229.1305 | 2.24% |
| 1980 | 696,828,385 | 360,875,327 | 335,953,058 | 15,907,463 | 234.3706 | 2.28% |
| 1981 | 712,869,298 | 369,149,846 | 343,719,452 | 16,174,364 | 239.7658 | 2.27% |
| 1982 | 729,169,466 | 377,542,520 | 351,626,946 | 16,425,971 | 245.2482 | 2.25% |
| 1983 | 745,826,546 | 386,102,269 | 359,724,278 | 16,888,190 | 250.8506 | 2.26% |
| 1984 | 762,895,156 | 394,865,497 | 368,029,660 | 17,249,030 | 256.5915 | 2.26% |
| 1985 | 780,242,084 | 403,766,422 | 376,475,662 | 17,444,826 | 262.4259 | 2.24% |
| 1986 | 797,878,993 | 412,811,682 | 385,067,312 | 17,828,992 | 268.3579 | 2.24% |
| 1987 | 815,716,125 | 421,960,524 | 393,755,600 | 17,845,271 | 274.3572 | 2.19% |
| 1988 | 833,729,681 | 431,194,389 | 402,535,292 | 18,181,842 | 280.4159 | 2.18% |
| 1989 | 852,012,673 | 440,551,295 | 411,461,378 | 18,384,142 | 286.5652 | 2.16% |
| 1990 | 870,452,165 | 449,984,059 | 420,468,106 | 18,494,842 | 292.7671 | 2.13% |
| 1991 | 888,941,756 | 459,463,492 | 429,478,264 | 18,484,340 | 298.9859 | 2.08% |
| 1992 | 907,574,049 | 469,046,096 | 438,527,953 | 18,780,245 | 305.2526 | 2.07% |
| 1993 | 926,351,297 | 478,735,976 | 447,615,320 | 18,774,251 | 311.5681 | 2.03% |
| 1994 | 945,261,958 | 488,535,405 | 456,726,553 | 19,047,073 | 317.9285 | 2.02% |
| 1995 | 964,279,129 | 498,432,464 | 465,846,665 | 18,987,268 | 324.3248 | 1.97% |
| 1996 | 983,281,218 | 508,349,160 | 474,932,058 | 19,016,909 | 330.7159 | 1.93% |
| 1997 | 1,002,335,230 | 518,303,618 | 484,031,612 | 19,091,117 | 337.1245 | 1.91% |
| 1998 | 1,021,434,576 | 528,287,412 | 493,147,162 | 19,107,573 | 343.5484 | 1.87% |
| 1999 | 1,040,500,054 | 538,244,360 | 502,255,693 | 19,023,383 | 349.9608 | 1.83% |
| 2000 | 1,059,633,675 | 548,223,581 | 511,410,095 | 19,243,861 | 356.3962 | 1.82% |
| 2001 | 1,078,970,907 | 558,291,332 | 520,679,574 | 19,430,601 | 362.9001 | 1.80% |
| 2002 | 1,098,313,038 | 568,334,873 | 529,978,165 | 19,253,663 | 369.4056 | 1.75% |
| 2003 | 1,117,415,124 | 578,236,241 | 539,178,882 | 18,950,507 | 375.8304 | 1.70% |
| 2004 | 1,136,264,583 | 587,990,365 | 548,274,218 | 18,748,412 | 382.1702 | 1.65% |
| 2005 | 1,154,638,713 | 597,477,666 | 557,161,048 | 17,999,848 | 388.3501 | 1.56% |
| 2006 | 1,172,373,788 | 606,611,392 | 565,762,396 | 17,470,302 | 394.3151 | 1.49% |
| 2007 | 1,189,691,810 | 615,506,279 | 574,185,530 | 17,165,741 | 400.1399 | 1.44% |
| 2008 | 1,206,734,806 | 624,242,020 | 582,492,786 | 16,920,251 | 405.8721 | 1.40% |
| 2009 | 1,223,640,160 | 632,892,402 | 590,747,758 | 16,890,457 | 411.558 | 1.38% |
| 2010 | 1,240,613,620 | 641,566,029 | 599,047,591 | 17,056,464 | 417.2668 | 1.38% |
| 2011 | 1,257,621,191 | 650,244,390 | 607,376,800 | 16,958,678 | 422.9872 | 1.35% |
| 2012 | 1,274,487,214 | 658,839,435 | 615,647,779 | 16,773,368 | 428.6599 | 1.32% |
| 2013 | 1,291,132,063 | 667,322,884 | 623,809,180 | 16,516,329 | 434.2582 | 1.28% |
| 2014 | 1,307,246,509 | 675,549,357 | 631,697,152 | 15,712,562 | 439.6781 | 1.20% |
| 2015 | 1,322,866,505 | 683,543,212 | 639,323,292 | 15,527,429 | 444.9317 | 1.17% |
| 2016 | 1,338,636,340 | 691,623,419 | 647,012,920 | 16,012,241 | 450.2357 | 1.20% |
| 2017 | 1,354,195,680 | 699,587,888 | 654,607,791 | 15,106,439 | 455.4689 | 1.12% |
| 2018 | 1,369,003,306 | 707,149,230 | 661,854,076 | 14,508,815 | 460.4493 | 1.06% |
| 2019 | 1,383,112,050 | 714,325,058 | 668,786,993 | 13,708,673 | 465.1946 | 0.99% |
| 2020 | 1,396,387,127 | 720,997,448 | 675,389,679 | 12,841,480 | 469.6596 | 0.92% |
| 2021 | 1,407,563,842 | 726,503,429 | 681,060,412 | 9,511,950 | 473.4187 | 0.68% |
| 2022 | 1,417,173,173 | 731,180,498 | 685,992,675 | 9,706,711 | 476.6507 | 0.69% |
| 2023 | 1,428,627,663 | 736,851,532 | 691,776,131 | 13,202,270 | 480.5033 | 0.92% |
| 2024 | 1,441,719,852 | 743,392,561 | 698,327,290 | 12,982,108 | 484.9067 | 0.90% |
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